Scientific analysis and conservation of porcelain recovered from the Nanhai I in the South China Sea

Dublin Core

Title

Scientific analysis and conservation of porcelain recovered from the Nanhai I in the South China Sea

Description

The Nanhai I is a merchant ship which sank in the South China Sea 800 years ago while transporting different kinds of precious porcelain and metal work. The Nanhai shipwreck is 30 m long wooden vessel lay in 25 m of water and was covered by fine sediment. Most of the porcelain artefacts are discs, bowls, vases and pots. Some of them were covered by thick encrustations. In this research, X-ray fluorescence energy dispersive X-ray (XRF-EDX) analysis and ion chromatography (IC) were employed to investigate the contaminants in these porcelains. Distilled water and alternating hot and cold cleaning were used to remove the harmful salts. Conductivity meter and ion chromatography were used to monitor the desalination processes. Based on these results, an appropriate method was selected to desalinate the porcelain from the Nanhai I shipwreck.

Creator

Nai-sheng Li
Xing-linTian
Zhi-guo Zhang
Da-wa Sheng
Jing-nan Du, in Van Tilburg, H., Tripati, S., Walker Vadillo, V., Fahy, B., and Kimura, J. (eds.)

Date

5/15/2014

Files

Citation


Fatal error: Uncaught ValueError: version_compare(): Argument #3 ($operator) must be a valid comparison operator in /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Xml/Security.php:172 Stack trace: #0 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Xml/Security.php(172): version_compare('8.0.30', '5.6', 'gte') #1 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Xml/Security.php(76): Zend_Xml_Security::isPhpFpm() #2 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Xml/Security.php(150): Zend_Xml_Security::scan('<?xml version="...', NULL) #3 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Locale/Data.php(160): Zend_Xml_Security::scanFile('/home/kknoerl/t...') #4 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Locale/Data.php(232): Zend_Locale_Data::_findRoute('en_US', '/ldml/dates/cal...', '', 'pattern', Array) #5 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Locale/Data.php(1137): Zend_Locale_Data::_getFile('en_US', '/ldml/dates/cal...', '', 'pattern') #6 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Date.php(843): Zend_Locale_Data::getContent('en_US', 'date', Array) #7 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Date.php(580): Zend_Date->_parseIsoToDate('FFFF', 'en_US') #8 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Date.php(466): Zend_Date->_toToken('FFFF', 'en_US') #9 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/globals.php(1006): Zend_Date->toString('FFFF') #10 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/models/Item.php(489): format_date(1721301405, 'FFFF') #11 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/models/Item.php(202): Item->getCitation() #12 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/views/helpers/Metadata.php(169): Item->getProperty('citation') #13 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/views/helpers/Metadata.php(144): Omeka_View_Helper_Metadata->_getRecordMetadata(Object(Item), 'citation') #14 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/views/helpers/Metadata.php(73): Omeka_View_Helper_Metadata->_getText(Object(Item), 'citation') #15 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/View/Abstract.php(349): Omeka_View_Helper_Metadata->metadata(Object(Item), 'citation', Array) #16 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/globals.php(2042): Zend_View_Abstract->__call('metadata', Array) #17 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/themes/berlin/items/show.php(33): metadata('item', 'citation', Array) #18 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Omeka/View.php(114): include('/home/kknoerl/t...') #19 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/View/Abstract.php(888): Omeka_View->_run('/home/kknoerl/t...') #20 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Controller/Action/Helper/ViewRenderer.php(912): Zend_View_Abstract->render(NULL) #21 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Controller/Action/Helper/ViewRenderer.php(933): Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer->renderScript('items/show.php', NULL) #22 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Controller/Action/Helper/ViewRenderer.php(972): Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer->render() #23 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Controller/Action/HelperBroker.php(277): Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer->postDispatch() #24 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Controller/Action.php(527): Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker->notifyPostDispatch() #25 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Standard.php(308): Zend_Controller_Action->dispatch('showAction') #26 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Controller/Front.php(954): Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard->dispatch(Object(Zend_Controller_Request_Http), Object(Zend_Controller_Response_Http)) #27 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Application/Bootstrap/Bootstrap.php(105): Zend_Controller_Front->dispatch() #28 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Application.php(384): Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrap->run() #29 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Omeka/Application.php(73): Zend_Application->run() #30 /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/index.php(23): Omeka_Application->run() #31 {main} thrown in /home/kknoerl/themua.org/collections/application/libraries/Zend/Xml/Security.php on line 172